Computing Contact

There are two styles of contact. One which reasons about Penetration/Collision/Friction and another which uses a LPM where the rigid bodies are attached via a spring-mass system.

Hard Contact

which can be further divided into two classes:

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LCP (pyramidal approx. of friction cone) vs NCP (true friction cone)

LCP

Linear Complementarity Problem

There are different solvers used to solve this, common ones include (iterative or direct):

  • PGS
  • ISOR
  • Danitz

Issues

  •  iterative methods can lead to the body rotating -> can lead to asymmetric result depending on starting position

This is often non-differentiable. Nimble makes this differentiable for DART.

NCP

Dojo solves this exactly, without approximating the friction cone using a fancy interior-point method.

cone.gif

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Soft Contact (Spring-Mass Model)

Note: is there a damping coeff?

Issues:

  • experiences unphysical interpenetration
  • forces at a distance (i.e., while not in contact)
  • need to tune the contact model parameters